Strings or stands strings squared round the car; distance to each rim measured | Each wheel’s toe against the string box; thrust with care. Camber needs a separate gauge. | $20–$100 homemade; $200–$600 for stand kits | 30–60 min or more to set up, then re-measure after each change | High: squaring the strings to the car is the hard part | Good to very good when the box is truly square and centred; poor if it isn’t |
Toe plates, tape or trammel the distance between the tires, front and back | Each axle’s total toe only. No individual toe, thrust or steer-ahead. | $0–$50 with a tape and a helper; $50–$150 for toe plates | 5–15 min | Low to moderate | Readings to about 1/32–1/16 in across a tire, roughly 0.05–0.15° of total toe; tread and sidewall bulges get in the way |
Camber gauge bubble or digital angle gauge on the wheel | Camber; with turn plates, some measure caster | $25–$100; $100–$400 with a wheel adapter | 5–15 min | Low to moderate; needs a level floor or a zeroed gauge | Bubble about ±0.25°; digital often ±0.1–0.2° on a car, limited by the floor and how the gauge sits |
| Wheel-mounted laser kits | Toe, sometimes camber, by projecting onto scales | $150–$600 | 20–45 min | Moderate | Similar to strings when done well; depends on mounting and scale distance |
Other phone or gyroscope gauges a phone or sensor in a bracket held on the rim | Toe by gyroscope, camber by gravity; some offer thrust, steer-ahead and caster | Varies; some charge subscriptions or for spec lookups | 10–20 min | Moderate; steady, consistent placement is the hard part | Published reviews of tools in this category have reported toe often within about 0.05° of a rack, but camber 0.1–0.4° off |
A shop’s alignment rack cameras or sensor heads on a lift | Everything: toe, camber, caster, steering axis inclination, thrust, set-back; factory specs built in; live readout while adjusting | Tens of thousands of dollars to buy; typically $80–$200 for a four-wheel alignment | An appointment; minutes to measure | A trained technician | The reference when calibrated: typically a few hundredths of a degree for toe |
Rim Reader your phone in a printed bracket | Each wheel’s toe and the axle totals, steer-ahead, thrust angle against the body, camber with floor correction, cross camber | Pricing will be announced at launch | Calibration a few minutes, then monthly; toe lap about 2¼ min, front toe under a minute (practised user) | Moderate: two-hand hold, prongs on the metal lip | Repeatability in our tests (typical lap-to-lap variation): rear total toe 0.013°, front 0.026°, camber 0.018°. Details |